Computer Shutdown

Hello. Here is some background information to help solve this problem.
I recently got a HP from my grandparents. The computer was made around 2007 so I is a fair bit old. Recently they gave it to me and it has been working great until last night when it suddenly stopped. When I start it up the HP logo shows for a few seconds (Max is 30 seconds) and then shuts down. I checked all hardware and they all work fine except for the fan chassis which is broken. The fan works just fine but falls when upright. All cables are plugged in correctly and in the right places. I added a sound card and removed a modem card. It was fine and installed the driver correctly and worked great. I ruled out a hardware failure and started to look for the Vista recovery software disk 1 and 2 that came with it. I unplugged all cords connected except for the USB wireless keyboard and mouse. I loaded up. The computer and put in the disk and it started to work on loading the recovery disk 1. About halfway through loading the disk the computer just shuts off. I tried it again but from using the escape key for loading the boot first device. Again it shuts off halfway through and it does it at the same point. The weird thing to me is that the disk is not scratched at all and I did everything I normally did on it before shutting it off correctly. It did show me a file missing error and it was something like NDTS or something like that.

System Specs:

Operating System:
Windows Vista Home Premium 32 bit

System/ Model Number:
Hewlett-Packard

RAM:
Hynix 1gb 2Rx8 PC2-5300U-555-12

Sound Card:
Model number: SB0230
Serial number: TSB0230240012653

Graphics Card:
P/N: 5188-7111
MAC: 000DFE1BC187

Disk Drive:
Model number: DH-16A1L113C
Name: DVD/CD REWRITABLE DRIVE

Hard Drive:
Manufacturer: Western Digital
Model number: WD5000AAKS-65TMA0
Drive Parameters: LBA 976773168
Size: 500 Gigabytes

Thank you in advance for helping!
 

My Computer

Tell me please just how did you eliminate hardware. My first instinct is to test the hard drive and then the ram. I would also look closely at the power supply unit since I recently had one go out on a desktop which caused random shutdowns. BTW you only have half of the bare minimum that most specialists recommend for Vista.
 

My Computers

System One System Two

  • Operating System
    Windows 8.1 Industry Pro x64
    Manufacturer/Model
    HP Pavillion Elite HPE-250f
    CPU
    Intel i7 860 Quad core 2.8 ghz
    Memory
    8 gb
    Graphics Card(s)
    ATI Radeon HD 5770 1 gb ram
    Monitor(s) Displays
    Alienware 25 AW2521HF
    Screen Resolution
    1920x1080 &1680x1050
    Hard Drives
    1 TB x2
    Other Info
    https://www.cnet.com/products/hp-pavilion-elite-hpe-250f/
  • Operating System
    Windows 2012 R2 Data center/Linux Mint
    Manufacturer/Model
    Dell Poweredge T140
    CPU
    i3 9100 3.6GHz, 8M cache, 4C/4T
    Memory
    8GB 2666MT/s DDR4 ECC UDIMM
    Screen Resolution
    1680x1050
    Hard Drives
    1 TB & 360 GB x2
    Other Info
    https://www.dell.com/en-us/work/shop/productdetailstxn/poweredge-t140?~ck=bt
I tested the Power supply on another computer and it worked fine. The RAM is brand new but I replaced it with the old RAM on another computer and again all green lights. The CPU I use was bought recently and came with no noticeable defects and fit into its slot perfectly. Now the hard drive is a different story. I checked it and it contained nothing different except a missing file like the last post. Vista was actual long running great with the current RAM. I made a lot of safe system wide changes to make it faster.
 

My Computer

In my experience, when a system just shuts down, it's normally due to the CPU overheating. Other hardware problems usually result in a BSOD. The newest CPUs just dummy down the number of cores in use until the temperature finally gets too hot to handle. If you can still boot into Vista, you could install HMonitor to check temperatures.
 

My Computer

System One

  • Operating System
    Vista Home Premium 64 bit SP2
    Manufacturer/Model
    Cyberpower
    CPU
    Intel Quad CPU Q6700 2.67 GHZ
    Motherboard
    NVIDIA 780i
    Memory
    4 GB
    Graphics Card(s)
    MSI GTX 560 TI Twin Frozr
    Sound Card
    Sound Blaster SB Audigy
    Monitor(s) Displays
    Viewsonic VG2436
    Screen Resolution
    1920x1080p
    Hard Drives
    Samsung HD 105SI
    WDC WD20
    Case
    Apevia XJupiter
    Cooling
    air
    Keyboard
    Logitech MX 3200
    Mouse
    Logitech MX 600
    Internet Speed
    30 Mbps
Lets check for a hardware problem, see if it boots properly in safe mode.
 

My Computer

System One

  • Manufacturer/Model
    Dell XPS420
    Memory
    6 gig
    Graphics Card(s)
    ATI Radeon HD3650 256 MB
    Sound Card
    Intergrated 7.1 Channel Audio
    Monitor(s) Displays
    Dell SP2009W 20 inch Flat Panel w Webcam
    Hard Drives
    640 gb
    Cooling
    Fan
    Keyboard
    Dell USB
    Mouse
    Dell USB 4 button optical
    Other Info
    DSL provided by ATT

My Computer

System One

  • CPU
    Dual L5639 // i7 950 @ 4.0Ghz
    Motherboard
    Evga SR-2 // Gigabyte x58a-ud3r
    Memory
    12Gig Corsair XMS3 // 6Gig OCZ Gold
    Graphics Card(s)
    gtx 560 ti // gtx 260-216
    Monitor(s) Displays
    Dual 22" // Headless
    Hard Drives
    OCZ aGILITY 3, 120Gig + Seagate 500Gig x 2
    PSU
    Silverstone da700 // Corsair 520hx
    Case
    Rosewill BlackHawk Ultra // Antec 900v1
    Cooling
    Twin CM Hyper 212+ // Noctua NH-u12
    Other Info
    Acer 8930 laptop with x9100...
See if it isn't even making it to windows then that is a sure sign of hardware failure. Testing your ram with memtest is a good idea even if it is new because it could be defective. Do you know that what you got is compatible? As for your hard drive have you scanned it for errors?
 

My Computers

System One System Two

  • Operating System
    Windows 8.1 Industry Pro x64
    Manufacturer/Model
    HP Pavillion Elite HPE-250f
    CPU
    Intel i7 860 Quad core 2.8 ghz
    Memory
    8 gb
    Graphics Card(s)
    ATI Radeon HD 5770 1 gb ram
    Monitor(s) Displays
    Alienware 25 AW2521HF
    Screen Resolution
    1920x1080 &1680x1050
    Hard Drives
    1 TB x2
    Other Info
    https://www.cnet.com/products/hp-pavilion-elite-hpe-250f/
  • Operating System
    Windows 2012 R2 Data center/Linux Mint
    Manufacturer/Model
    Dell Poweredge T140
    CPU
    i3 9100 3.6GHz, 8M cache, 4C/4T
    Memory
    8GB 2666MT/s DDR4 ECC UDIMM
    Screen Resolution
    1680x1050
    Hard Drives
    1 TB & 360 GB x2
    Other Info
    https://www.dell.com/en-us/work/shop/productdetailstxn/poweredge-t140?~ck=bt
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